«Por el orden de Celso» : aspectos de la influencia del De medicina en la cirugía europea del Renacimiento

En el presente artículo estudiamos algunos de los aspectos más destacados de la recepción del De medicina de Cornelio Celso en la literatura y en la práctica quirúrgica del Renacimiento. Nuestro estudio se centra sobre todo en dos ámbitos: el socioprofesional, con la defensa por parte de los cirujanos de la dignidad de su disciplina, y el relativo a la recepción de las doctrinas celsianas más apreciadas en el siglo XVI

Mineralogy of supports and selected pigments in mediaeval churches of Slovenia

FEDER MAT2002-0254

Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Phyllite Samples Based on Chemical (XRF) and Mineralogical Data by XRD

It is presented the results obtained of a multivariate statistical analysis concerning the chemical and phase composition, as a characterization purpose, carried out with 52 rock phyllite samples selected from the provinces of Almería and Granada (SE Spain). Chemical analysis was performed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Crystalline phase analysis was performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and the mineralogical composition was then deduced. Quantification of weight loss (100° and 1000°C) was carried out by thermal analysis. The aims of this investigation were to analyze and compare the chemical and mineralogical composition of all these samples and to find similarities and differences between them to allow a classification. Several correlations between results of the characterization techniques have been also investigated. All the data have been processed using the multivariate statistical analysis method. The XRF macroelements (10) and microelements (39) data generate one macrogroup with two new subgroups (1 and 2), and an isolated sample. In subgroup 1 of macroelements, a positive correlation was found between XRF results and geographic location characterized by lower MgO content, which is associated to its geological origins. When multivariate statistical analysis is applied to results obtained by XRD, two groups appear: the first one with a sample with zero percentage of iron oxide and the second one with the rest of the samples, which is classified in two groups. A correlation is observed between the alkaline content (XRF) and illite (XRD), CaO and MgO with dolomite and indirectly between the weight loss after heating at 1000°C and the contents of phase minerals that lose structural water (illite + chlorite) or carbon dioxide (dolomite). The present investigation has interest and implications for geochemistry and analytical chemistry concerning earth rocks and silicate raw material

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Presentación/Prefac

Invectivas latinescas. Anatomía de la " Expostulatio Spongiae " en defensa de Lope de Vega

Estudio de la polémica planteada en 1617-1618 por la publicación de la Spongia de Pedro de Torres Rámila contra Lope de Vega y la anónima respuesta escrita en defensa de este y titulada Expostulatio Spongiae. Partiendo del análisis del peculiar latín empleado en ambas obras, se demuestra cómo una buena parte de la Expostulatio está compuesta a partir de, al menos, otras cinco obras latinas coetáneas. Ese descubrimiento permite plantear, así mismo, una hipótesis acerca del posible autor de dicha obra.This is a study on the literary controversy prompted in 1617-1618 due to the publication of Pedro de Torres Rámila's Spongia against Lope de Vega and the anonymous Expostulatio Spongiae, written in order to support Lope. On analysing the particular use of the Latin language in both works, we can prove that a good deal of Expostulatio was made up assembling fragments of, at least, five contemporary Latin works. That discovery allows us to propose, as well, a hypothesis on a possible author of Expostulatio

Predicting financial distress across the football industry

Accurately forecasting financial distress within the football industry holds significant importance for various stakeholders, including creditors, investors, shareholders and local communities. This research employs machine learning algorithms to forecast financial distress within the football industry over a 5-year period and by analyzing clubs' financial ratios. Two machine learning models are performed: a logistic regression and a neural network model. The primary objectives of this study are to test the effectiveness of these models, evaluate the financial performance of football clubs, provide an overview of the industry as a whole and examine the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on financial distress within the sector. Despite the high levels of debt, unprofitability, irrationality and mismanagement that are prevalent in football clubs, bankruptcies are not such an ordinary event, being relatively rare. The machine learning models implemented in this study yielded interesting and favorable results, with the neural network model demonstrating a slightly higher level of predictive accuracy. However, the significant impact of Covid-19 on the overall industry partially impaired the predictive capabilities of the models, raising questions about their practical applicability. This study suggests that the unique status of football clubs, which shields them from being treated as ordinary businesses, may be the only factor that enables their survival.A previsão de potenciais dificuldades financeiras na indústria futebolística contém uma grande importância para todos os participantes no negócio, incluindo credores, investidores, acionistas e comunidades locais. Nesta dissertação foram implementados algoritmos de machine learning para que se efetuasse a previsão de dificuldades financeiras para um período de 5 anos, através do uso de rácios financeiros. Os dois modelos elaborados foram uma regressão logística e uma rede neuronal. Os principais objetivos deste estudo são testar o desempenho destes modelos, avaliar a performance financeira dos clubes de futebol, efetuar uma visão geral da indústria futebolística e examinar o impacto da Covid-19 no setor. Apesar dos elevados níveis de endividamento, prejuízos, irracionalidade e má gestão, a verdade é que o número de falências entres clubes de futebol é reduzida. Os modelos de machine learning aplicados neste estudo apresentaram resultados interessantes e positivos. Contudo, o impacto da pandemia na indústria afetou a capacidade de previsão dos modelos, levantando questões acerca da sua potencial aplicação no mundo real. Este estudo sugere ainda que o estatuto dos clubes de futebol, que os diferencia de um negócio normal, pode ser o único fator que promove a sua sobrevivência

Étude de la réhabilitation sismique d'un pont avec des isolateurs en caoutchouc à basse température par le biais de surfaces de fragilité

Abstract : In Quebec, Canada, due to aging and deficient seismic detailing, bridges are susceptible to important damage in the occurrence of a strong earthquake. To enhance the seismic performance of the provincial bridge inventory, the replacement of typical bearings with natural rubber isolators has shown to be a potentially efficient retrofitting measure. However, variations in the mechanical properties of the isolators due to environmental conditions can affect the seismic performance. For instance, rubber undergoes substantial stiffening when exposed to low temperatures, as those typically observed during winter in eastern Canada. In bridge-type structures, the thermal stiffening of isolators increases the forces transmitted to the substructure, which in turn becomes more prone to damage. A more detailed consideration of the thermal effects on the seismic performance of typical provincial bridges is thus necessary. In this study, fragility surfaces are used to assess the vulnerability of a typical bridge in Quebec when retrofitted with natural rubber isolators under the concomitant actions of earthquakes and low temperatures. Bridges are composed of several different components with distinguished behaviors and complex interactions under seismic excitation. Owing to the importance of the contribution of different components to the bridge fragility, the first part of this study focuses on the construction of multivariate probabilistic seismic demand models (PSDM). The validity of the commonly adopted assumptions has been criticized and their impact on fragility estimates is not fully understood. A multivariate PSDM approach is thus developed coupling the multiple-stripe analysis and Gaussian mixture models. The novel approach concomitantly captures the complexity of the dynamic response of multicomponent structures and models their uncertainties and correlation. The proposed approach is then used to assess the potential bias introduced by poor modeling on fragility and risk estimates of a real as-built case-study bridge. This PSDM strategy then is adopted to translate the uncertainty and the correlation of the response of the case-study bridge components when retrofitted. Fragility surfaces based on logistic regression depict the effects of thermal stiffening of isolators on the performance of the bridge in both component- and system-level. A beneficial combination is revealed between the decoupling effect provided by isolators and the lateral restraining action of the abutment wing walls depending on the provide clearances. The derivation of fragility surfaces for isolated bridges in cold regions sheds new light on the challenges of retrofitting structures exposed to multiple extreme environments (e.g., seismic and thermal). Overall the presented results can facilitate seismic vulnerability modeling and retrofit assessment of these complex systems and afford valuable practical impacts. The insights and methodological advances can prompt research and applications well beyond the case study structures considered in the thesis, and have broad impacts.Au Québec, Canada, en raison du vieillissement et de détails insuffisants de dimensionnement sismique, les ponts sont susceptibles de subir des dommages importants en cas de fort séisme. Pour améliorer la performance sismique de l'inventaire des ponts de la province, le remplacement des appareils d'appui classiques par des isolateurs en caoutchouc naturel s'est avéré une mesure de réhabilitation potentiellement efficace. Cependant, les variations des propriétés mécaniques des isolateurs dues aux conditions environnementales peuvent affecter la performance sismique. Par exemple, le caoutchouc subit un raidissement important lorsqu'il est exposé aux basses températures, comme celles typiquement observées pendant les hivers dans l'est du Canada. Dans les ponts, le raidissement thermique des isolateurs augmente les forces transmises à la sous-structure, qui devient alors plus susceptible d'être endommagée. Une étude plus détaillée des effets thermiques sur la performance sismique des ponts provinciaux typiques est donc nécessaire. Des surfaces de fragilité sont donc utilisées pour évaluer la vulnérabilité d'un pont typique au Québec réhabilité avec des isolateurs en caoutchouc naturel sous les actions concomitantes des séismes et des basses températures. Les ponts sont composés de plusieurs éléments différents ayant des comportements distincts et des interactions complexes sous une excitation sismique. En raison de l'importance de la contribution de plusieurs composants à la fragilité du pont, la première partie de cette étude se concentre sur la construction de modèles probabilistes multivariés de demande sismique (PSDM). On a critiqué la validité des hypothèses couramment adoptées et leur impact sur les estimations de fragilité n'est pas entièrement compris. Une approche PSDM multivariée est donc développée en couplant l'analyse de bandes multiples et les modèles de mélange gaussien. La nouvelle approche capture de manière concomitante la complexité de la réponse dynamique et modélise les incertitudes et la corrélation. On évalue ensuite le biais potentiel introduit par une mauvaise modélisation sur les estimations de fragilité et de risque d'un pont réel tel que construit. Cette stratégie PSDM est ensuite adoptée pour traduire la réponse des composants du pont de l'étude de cas lorsqu'il est réhabilité. Les surfaces de fragilité basées sur la régression logistique décrivent les effets du raidissement thermique des isolateurs sur les performances du pont, tant au niveau des composants que du système. Une combinaison bénéfique est révélée entre l'effet de découplage des isolateurs et l'action de retenue latérale des murs en fonction des écarts fournis. La dérivation des surfaces de fragilité pour les ponts isolés dans les régions froides jette un nouvel éclairage sur les défis de la réhabilitation des structures exposées à de multiples environnements extrêmes (sismiques et thermiques). Dans l'ensemble, les résultats présentés peuvent faciliter la modélisation de la vulnérabilité sismique et l'évaluation de la réhabilitation de ces systèmes complexes et avoir des répercussions pratiques importantes. Les idées et les avancées méthodologiques peuvent susciter des recherches et des applications bien au-delà des structures étudiées dans la thèse, et en avoir un large impact

Que aún la lava del Vesubio nos podría abrasar: Pompeya en la poesía española contemporánea

This article traces the presence of Pompeii in contemporary Spanish poetry, from 1970 until nowadays. Through the poetic work of Antonio Colinas, Alejandro Duque Amusco, Víctor Botas, David Pujante or Federico J. Silva, among others, this episode will be analysed both in its historical and fictional representation (occasionally not much similar), and in its symbolic and psychological dimension (with the different formulations of the topic of ruins, love feeling, etc.).Este artículo rastrea la presencia de Pompeya en la poesía española contemporánea en un periodo que abarca desde 1970 a nuestros días. A partir de la obra poética de, entre otros, Antonio Colinas, Alejandro Duque Amusco, Víctor Botas, David Pujante o Federico J. Silva, se analiza el tratamiento de este episodio en su representación histórica y ficcional (en ocasiones poco o nada coincidentes), y en su dimensión simbólica o psicológica (con las distintas formulaciones del tema de las ruinas, el sentimiento amoroso, etc. )

Use of biological resources by elachistocleis pearsei (ruthven, 1914)(anura: microhylidae) in a lentic ecosystem from the department of sucre, Colombia

ABSTRACT. The use of resources (diet, time of activity and microhabitat) by Elachistocleis pearsei in a locality of the department of Sucre is described. The non-invasive method used to obtain the digestive tract content showed high effectivity. Results show that this species is an active specialist forager that principally ingests ants, nevertheless diet composition is diverse; its activity is limited to the outskirts of the water source and increases in the season of higher precipitation. RESUMEN. Se describe el uso de recursos: dieta, tiempo de actividad y microhábitat, por la especie Elachistocleis pearsei en una localidad del departamento de Sucre. El método no invasivo utilizado para extraer el contenido estomacal mostró alta efectividad. Los resultados indican que la especie es una forrajera activa y especialista que consume mayormente hormigas, aunque la composición de su dieta es  más amplia; su actividad se limita a los alrededores del cuerpo de agua e incrementa en temporada de alta precipitaciónABSTRACT. The use of resources (diet, time of activity and microhabitat) by Elachistocleis pearsei in a locality of the department of Sucre is described. The non-invasive method used to obtain the digestive tract content showed high effectivity. Results show that this species is an active specialist forager that principally ingests ants, nevertheless diet composition is diverse; its activity is limited to the outskirts of the water source and increases in the season of higher precipitation.RESUMEN. Se describe el uso de recursos: dieta, tiempo de actividad y microhábitat, por la especie Elachistocleis pearsei en una localidad del departamento de Sucre. El método no invasivo utilizado para extraer el contenido estomacal mostró alta efectividad. Los resultados indican que la especie es una forrajera activa y especialista que consume mayormente hormigas, aunque la composición de su dieta es  más amplia; su actividad se limita a los alrededores del cuerpo de agua e incrementa en temporada de alta precipitació

A Theoretical and Practical Framework for Evaluating Uncertainty Calibration in Object Detection

The proliferation of Deep Neural Networks has resulted in machine learning systems becoming increasingly more present in various real-world applications. Consequently, there is a growing demand for highly reliable models in these domains, making the problem of uncertainty calibration pivotal, when considering the future of deep learning. This is especially true when considering object detection systems, that are commonly present in safety-critical application such as autonomous driving and robotics. For this reason, this work presents a novel theoretical and practical framework to evaluate object detection systems in the context of uncertainty calibration. The robustness of the proposed uncertainty calibration metrics is shown through a series of representative experiments. Code for the proposed uncertainty calibration metrics at: https://github.com/pedrormconde/Uncertainty_Calibration_Object_Detection.Comment: Pre-prin